/******************************************************************************* * Instrument: SOLEIL_SIXS * * %Identification * Written by: E. Farhi, A. Resta, A. Coati * Date: 2023 * Origin: SOLEIL * Version: 0.1 * %INSTRUMENT_SITE: SOLEIL * * A simple model for the SIXS beam-line at SOLEIL (surface diffraction). * * %Description * * SixS (Surface Interface X-ray Scattering) is a beamline dedicated to the study * of X-ray scattering from surfaces and interfaces of hard and soft matter in * various environments in the 5-20 keV energy range. To be sensitive to the * surface all the studies are performed in grazing-incidence geometry. The * beamline is equipped with two experimental hutches, which ae dedicated to the * study of surfaces, interfaces and nano-objets prepared: * * - in-situ under UHV (Ultra High Vacuum, i.e. 10-10 mbar) conditions. A * diffractometer allows to measure X-ray scattering from samples under UHV; * - in various environments (catalysis chambers, soft matter, electrochemical * cells). A diffractometer coupled with exchangeable chambers will be able to * measure X-ray scattering from sample surfaces both in vertical or horizontal * geometries. * * Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXD), Grazing Incidence Small Angle * X-ray Scattering (GISAXS), anomalous surface X-ray scattering, X-Ray * Reflectivity (XRR), magnetic surface X-ray scattering and coherent scattering * experiments are performed on both the facilities. * * In this implementation, the multipurpose diffractometer is used, with a thin * single crystal layer on top of a Si bulk. * * Position | Element * ---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------- * 0 | the U20 undulator * 15 | Slit S1 2x0.7 mm^2 * 16.5 | a Si(111) DCM, 40x40x10 mm^3 E0=5-20 keV * 26 | Mirror M1 Si coated with Pd, elliptically vertical focusing 20x350x20 mm^3 Incident angle 0.175 deg (3 mrad) * 28 | Mirror M2 at 20x550x20mm^3. (tilted 45 deg exchange horz/vert components for UHV) * 33 | multipurpose diffractometer * 42 | UHV diffractometer (not modelled here) * * Example: E0=10 Detector: mon_spl_fluo_I=3.66859e+14 * * %Parameters * E0: [keV] Nominal energy at the Wiggler. * dE: [keV] Energy half-bandwidth at the Wiggler * dcm_theta: [deg] Rotation angle of the DCM. 0=set from energy E0 * M1_angle: [mrad] Rotation angle of M1/M2 mirrors. When left as 0, it is set automatically from E0. * M1_radius: [m] Curvature radius of M1 mirror (Rh, 1300x100) longitudinal. Positive=mirror is focusing. 0=flat. * M2_radius: [m] Curvature radius of M2 mirror (Rh, 1300x100) sagittal. Positive=mirror is focusing. 0=flat. * sample_coating: [str] Reflection/structure data file for the single crystal thin layer coating * sample_bulk: [str] Reflection/structure data file for the single crystal bulk * sample_thickness: [m] The single crystal thin layer coating thickness * sample_angle: [deg] The sample tilt angle (around X axis) * * %Link * https://www.synchrotron-soleil.fr/en/beamlines/sixs * * %End *******************************************************************************/ DEFINE INSTRUMENT SOLEIL_SIXS(E0=13, dE=0.1, dcm_theta=0, M1_angle=3, M1_radius=1400, M2_radius=1400, string sample_coating="Mo.lau", string sample_bulk="Si.lau", sample_thickness=50e-10, sample_angle=0.175) DECLARE %{ double dcm_gap; %} USERVARS %{ int flag_scatt; %} INITIALIZE %{ double DM= 5.4909; // Si d-spacing for the Monochromator double d = DM/sqrt(3); // <111> reflection |<111>|=3 dcm_gap = 0.02; // gap between the 2 monochromator crystals if (!dcm_theta && E0) { // n.lambda = 2 d sin(dcm_theta) = 2*PI/E2K / E0 with n=ORDER=1 double sin_theta = 2*PI/E2K/E0 / 2 / d; if (fabs(sin_theta) < 1) dcm_theta = asin(sin_theta)*RAD2DEG; } else if (dcm_theta && !E0) E0 = 2*PI/E2K / (2*d*sin(dcm_theta*DEG2RAD)); if (!dcm_theta || !E0 || dE <=0) exit(fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: Monochromator can not reflect E0=%g +/- %g [keV]. Aborting.\n", NAME_INSTRUMENT, E0, dE)); MPI_MASTER( printf("%s: E0=%g [keV] Monochromator dcm_theta=%g [deg] \n", NAME_INSTRUMENT, E0, dcm_theta); ); if (fabs(dE/E0)>0.1) dE = 3e-2*E0; M1_angle *= RAD2DEG/1000; %} TRACE COMPONENT origin = Progress_bar() AT (0, 0, 0) RELATIVE ABSOLUTE // the photon source ----------------------------------------------------------- COMPONENT Source_U20 = Undulator( E0 = E0, dE = dE, Ee = 2.75, Ie = 0.5, K = 5, sigex = 388e-6, sigey = 8.1e-6, sigepx = 14.5e-6, sigepy = 4.61e-6) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE origin COMPONENT mon_src_xy = Monitor_nD( options="x y", xwidth=2e-3, yheight=2e-3, bins=128) AT (0,0,14.9) RELATIVE Source_U20 COMPONENT mon_src_e = Monitor_nD(options="energy", xwidth=2e-3, yheight=2e-3, bins=128, min=E0-dE*1.1, max=E0+dE*1.1) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS COMPONENT slit = Slit(xwidth=2e-3, yheight=0.7e-3) AT (0,0,0.1) RELATIVE PREVIOUS COMPONENT slit_mon_xy = COPY(mon_src_xy) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS // The double monochromator ---------------------------------------------------- COMPONENT DCM_location = Arm() AT (0,0,16.5) RELATIVE Source_U20 COMPONENT dcm_xtal0 = Bragg_crystal( length=0.04, width=0.04, h=1, k=1, l=1, material="Si.txt", V=160.1826) AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS ROTATED (-dcm_theta,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS EXTEND %{ if (!SCATTERED) ABSORB; %} COMPONENT dcm0 = Arm() AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS ROTATED (-dcm_theta,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS COMPONENT dcm_xtal1 = COPY(dcm_xtal0) AT(0,dcm_gap, dcm_theta ? dcm_gap/tan(dcm_theta*DEG2RAD) : 0) RELATIVE dcm_xtal0 ROTATED (dcm_theta,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS EXTEND %{ if (!SCATTERED) ABSORB; %} COMPONENT dcm1 = Arm() AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS ROTATED (dcm_theta,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS COMPONENT mon_dcm_e = COPY(mon_src_e) AT (0,0,0.5) RELATIVE PREVIOUS COMPONENT mon_dcm_xy = COPY(mon_src_xy) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS // M1 location ----------------------------------------------------------------- COMPONENT M1_location = Arm() AT(0,0,26-16.5-0.5) RELATIVE mon_dcm_e COMPONENT M1_rotated = Arm() // rotation of the mirror AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M1_location ROTATED (-M1_angle,0,0) RELATIVE M1_location // should image the slit to get a parallel beam. COMPONENT M1 = Mirror_curved( // 90 deg brings it from YZ (vert) to XZ (horiz) length=.350, width=0.2, coating="Pd.txt", radius=M1_radius) AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M1_rotated ROTATED (0, 0, 90) RELATIVE M1_rotated EXTEND %{ if (!SCATTERED) ABSORB; %} COMPONENT M1_out = Arm() // 2-theta direction AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M1_rotated ROTATED (-M1_angle,0,0) RELATIVE M1_rotated // M2 mirror ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMPONENT M2_location = Arm() AT (0,0,28-26) RELATIVE M1_out COMPONENT M2_rotated = Arm() // rotation of the mirror AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M2_location ROTATED (M1_angle,0,0) RELATIVE M2_location COMPONENT M2 = Mirror_curved( // bring it from YZ to XZ (horiz) length=0.550, width=.2, coating="Pd.txt", radius=M2_radius) AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M2_rotated ROTATED (0, 0, -90) RELATIVE M2_rotated EXTEND %{ if (!SCATTERED) ABSORB; %} COMPONENT M2_out = Arm() // 2-theta direction AT(0,0,0) RELATIVE M2_rotated ROTATED (M1_angle,0,0) RELATIVE M2_rotated // The sample area ------------------------------------------------------------- // align surface so that the beam hits its centre (shift along Y axis) SPLIT 10 COMPONENT sample_stage = COPY(mon_src_xy) AT (0,0,33-28) RELATIVE PREVIOUS EXTEND %{ flag_scatt = 0; %} COMPONENT sx_layer = Single_crystal( reflections=sample_coating, xwidth=2e-3, yheight=sample_thickness, zdepth=0.01, surf_size=-1, mosaic=1e-4, sigma_inc=0, p_transmit = 0.1) AT (0,-sample_thickness/2,0) RELATIVE sample_stage ROTATED (sample_angle,0,0) RELATIVE sample_stage EXTEND %{ if (SCATTERED) flag_scatt++; %} COMPONENT sx_bulk = Single_crystal( reflections=sample_bulk, xwidth=2e-3, yheight=1e-3, zdepth=0.01, surf_size=-1, mosaic=1e-4, sigma_inc=0) AT (0,-1e-3/2,0) RELATIVE PREVIOUS /* just below the thin layer */ EXTEND %{ if (SCATTERED) flag_scatt += 2; %} COMPONENT sample_out = Arm() AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE sample_stage EXTEND %{ if (!flag_scatt) ABSORB; %} COMPONENT det4pi = Monitor_nD(radius=1, options="theta phi", bins=2048) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE sample_stage COMPONENT detector_layer = COPY(det4pi) WHEN (flag_scatt == 1 || flag_scatt == 3) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE sample_stage COMPONENT detector_bulk = COPY(det4pi) WHEN (flag_scatt > 1) AT (0,0,0) RELATIVE sample_stage END